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Assessing soil P fractions changes with long‐term phosphorus fertilization related to crop yield of soybean and maize
Author(s) -
Appelhans Stefania C.,
Barbagelata Pedro Anibal,
Melchiori Ricardo Jose Miguel,
Gutierrez Boem Flavio
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
soil use and management
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.709
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1475-2743
pISSN - 0266-0032
DOI - 10.1111/sum.12581
Subject(s) - vertisol , mollisol , agronomy , phosphorus , fertilizer , chemistry , human fertilization , crop , nutrient , yield (engineering) , crop yield , nitrogen , zoology , soil water , environmental science , biology , soil science , materials science , organic chemistry , metallurgy
Abstract Long‐term P Fertiliser application increases soil phosphorus (P) labile fractions, which can be associated with crop P uptake and grain yield and are useful to improve fertilizer recommendations. Research aims were to evaluate in long‐term experiments with different P Fertiliser application in a Mollisol and a Vertisol: (a) the changes of soil P fractions and (b) the relationship between soil P fractions with long‐term P Fertiliser application, with accumulated apparent P budget, grain P, total P uptake, soybean ( Glycine max L.Merr.) and maize ( Zea mays L.) grain yield. Soil P fractions were measured after 1 and 9 year since the beginning of the long‐term experiments. Experiments included an initial Fertiliser application rate of 200 kg P ha −1 and annual P Fertiliser application rate of 36 kg P ha −1 . Bray1‐P, total, organic, and inorganic P in fine (<53 μm) and coarse (>53 μm) ( CF ) soil fractions, and in Na HCO 3 extract were measured. Initial P Fertiliser application increased inorganic and total P fractions. However, Bray1‐P, total P in Na HCO 3 extract and in the CF were the fractions that most increased with continuous long‐term P Fertiliser application in both sites. In the Mollisol, maize grain yield was unrelated to long‐term P Fertiliser application. In the Vertisol, total P in Na HCO 3 extract, and total and organic P in the CF were more closely related to soybean grain yield than Bray1‐P. We proposed soil P indices of labile inorganic and organic P that showed close relationships with soybean grain yield and may be useful to improve the diagnosis of P soil fertility.