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Effect of low‐temperature biochar derived from pig manure and poultry litter on mobile and organic matter‐bound forms of Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn in sandy soil
Author(s) -
Gondek K.,
MierzwaHersztek M.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
soil use and management
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.709
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1475-2743
pISSN - 0266-0032
DOI - 10.1111/sum.12285
Subject(s) - biochar , poultry litter , manure , amendment , organic matter , chemistry , cadmium , zinc , litter , environmental chemistry , soil water , chicken manure , zoology , agronomy , environmental science , pyrolysis , nutrient , biology , soil science , organic chemistry , political science , law
Numerous studies conducted so far have shown that biochar has a significant effect on physical, chemical and biological properties of soils. Biochar can be used to alleviate the effects of soil contamination with organic and inorganic compounds, for instance, to reduce the mobility of heavy metals. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of pig manure and poultry litter, as well as biochars produced from these materials at a temperature of 300 °C on Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn contents in mobile and organic matter‐bound forms in soil. The research was conducted under laboratory conditions. The materials were introduced into sandy acid soil in doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% w/w. The application of pig manure‐derived biochar ( BPM ) and poultry litter‐derived biochar ( BPL ), depending on the amount added, reduced the mobility of copper from 28 to 69%, from 77 to 100% in the case of cadmium, from 94 to 99% in the case of lead, and from 15 to 97% in the case of zinc. The 2% amendment of pig manure ( PM ) and poultry litter ( PL ) caused an increase in the content of Cu extracted with NH 4 NO 3 in comparison with the control treatment. A similar situation was observed in the case of zinc after the application of 0.5 and 1% amendments of pig manure ( PM ). Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn contents extracted with 0.025 mol C 10 H 22 N 4 O 8 were higher than contents of these elements extracted with 1 m NH 4 NO 3 , mainly due to different extraction force of the extractants. The obtained results indicate that, compared with the content determined in soil from the control treatment, 1 and 2% amendments of both unconverted and thermally converted materials to the soil had a greater effect on contents of Cu, Pb and Zn in the organic matter‐bound fraction than the 0.5% amendment. The organic materials applied did not affect the content of cadmium in organic matter‐bound fraction.