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The Effect of Political Parties on the Distribution of Income in the American States: 1917–2011
Author(s) -
Widestrom Amy,
Hayes Thomas J.,
Dennis Christopher
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
social science quarterly
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.482
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1540-6237
pISSN - 0038-4941
DOI - 10.1111/ssqu.12490
Subject(s) - economic inequality , state (computer science) , politics , distribution (mathematics) , federalism , control (management) , income distribution , government (linguistics) , democracy , economics , divided government , demographic economics , inequality , political science , public economics , law , mathematical analysis , linguistics , mathematics , management , algorithm , computer science , philosophy
Objectives This article examines the effects of partisan control of government on income distribution within the United States. Methods Using newly available data, we estimate the effects of unified Democratic and Republican Party control at the state and national levels on the share of income going to the top 1 percent of income earners, by state, between 1917 and 2011. Results We find that unified party control at the state level has minimal impact on income going to the top 1 percent of income earners within the states, but that unified party control at the federal level does have an effect. Moreover, we find that over the long term, unified Democratic control at the federal level leads to less income going to the top 1 percent, while unified Republican control increases income going to top earners. Conclusions Despite the increased focus on federalism and state policy in studies of income inequality, our findings suggest that federal‐level political factors are important for understanding the share of income going to the top income earners in the United States, particularly in the contemporary era.