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Metaphor in intergroup relations
Author(s) -
White Mark H.,
Landau Mark J.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
social and personality psychology compass
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.699
H-Index - 53
ISSN - 1751-9004
DOI - 10.1111/spc3.12292
Subject(s) - metaphor , psychology , prejudice (legal term) , harmony (color) , identity (music) , feeling , social psychology , cognition , grasp , common ground , power (physics) , cognitive psychology , epistemology , aesthetics , linguistics , computer science , philosophy , art , physics , quantum mechanics , neuroscience , visual arts , programming language
Belonging to groups and relating to other groups are central parts of our lives, but they confront us with abstract ideas (e.g., identity and power ) and nebulous feelings. To make sense of it all, people rely on conceptual metaphors: cognitive tools that ground abstractions in dissimilar, more concrete ideas that are easier to grasp. We review some common metaphors that people use in intergroup contexts—metaphors that draw on knowledge of such familiar experiences as physical cleansing and warmth sensations. We review evidence that these metaphors are not mere figures of speech, but have a systematic and practically important influence on intergroup attitudes and behavior. Most of this work shows that reliance on metaphor contributes to prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination, sometimes without the person's awareness. Yet we consider the hopeful possibility that citizens, politicians, and researchers can harness the power of metaphor to promote intergroup harmony and peace.