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Unfinished Business: Disentangling Sex, Gender, and Sexuality in Sociological Research on Gender Stratification
Author(s) -
Geist Claudia,
Reynolds Megan M.,
Gaytán Marie S.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
sociology compass
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 31
ISSN - 1751-9020
DOI - 10.1111/soc4.12470
Subject(s) - human sexuality , heteronormativity , expansive , sociology , gender studies , gender identity , gender inequality , transgender , identity (music) , inequality , conformity , social psychology , psychology , mathematical analysis , compressive strength , materials science , mathematics , physics , acoustics , composite material
Focusing on two major strands of research on gender stratification, labor market inequality and health disparities, we argue that cisnormativity and heteronormativity obscure the rich variation in how people experience their own sense of gender and sexuality, as well as how others perceive them. Although researchers’ reliance on static notions of gender and sexuality is starting to shift, there is room for improvement, especially in the area of gender inequality. To highlight the advancements in researchers’ thinking, we spotlight exemplary work that incorporates gender expansive realities using empirically and/or theoretically grounded approaches. We conclude by outlining best practices to measure gender identity, sexual identity, gender expression, gender conformity, and other facets of gender and sexuality.