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Education leads to a more physically active lifestyle: Evidence based on Mendelian randomization
Author(s) -
Kari Jaana T.,
Viinikainen Jutta,
Böckerman Petri,
Tammelin Tuija H.,
Pitkänen Niina,
Lehtimäki Terho,
Pahkala Katja,
Hirvensalo Mirja,
Raitakari Olli T.,
Pehkonen Jaakko
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/sms.13653
Subject(s) - mendelian randomization , observational study , physical activity , demography , medicine , educational attainment , randomization , physical education , instrumental variable , gerontology , physical therapy , randomized controlled trial , biology , statistics , genetics , genetic variants , mathematics , sociology , economic growth , gene , genotype , economics , medical education
Physical inactivity is a major health risk worldwide. Observational studies suggest that higher education is positively related to physical activity, but it is not clear whether this relationship constitutes a causal effect. Using participants (N = 1651) drawn from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study linked to nationwide administrative data from Statistics Finland, this study examined whether educational attainment, measured by years of education, is related to adulthood physical activity in terms of overall physical activity, weekly hours of intensive activity, total steps per day, and aerobic steps per day. We employed ordinary least squares (OLS) models and extended the analysis using an instrumental variables approach (Mendelian randomization, MR) with a genetic risk score as an instrument for years of education. Based on the MR results, it was found that years of education is positively related to physical activity. On average, one additional year of education leads to a 0.62‐unit higher overall physical activity ( P < .01), 0.26 more hours of weekly intensive activity ( P < .05), 560 more steps per day ( P < .10), and 390 more aerobic steps per day ( P < .09). The findings indicate that education may be a factor leading to higher leisure‐time physical activity and thus promoting global health.