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Ski and snowboard school programs: Injury surveillance and risk factors for grade‐specific injury
Author(s) -
Sran R.,
Djerboua M.,
Romanow N.,
Mitra T.,
Russell K.,
White K.,
Goulet C.,
Emery C.,
Hagel B.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/sms.13040
Subject(s) - poisson regression , medicine , injury prevention , socioeconomic status , physical therapy , rate ratio , occupational safety and health , poison control , incidence (geometry) , emergency medicine , environmental health , population , physics , pathology , optics
The objective of our study was to evaluate incidence rates and profile of school program ski and snowboard‐related injuries by school grade group using a historical cohort design. Injuries were identified via Accident Report Forms completed by ski patrollers. Severe injury was defined as those with ambulance evacuation or recommending patient transport to hospital. Poisson regression analysis was used to examine the school grade group‐specific injury rates adjusting for risk factors (sex, activity, ability, and socioeconomic status) and accounting for the effect of clustering by school. Forty of 107 (37%) injuries reported were severe. Adolescents (grades 7‐12) had higher crude injury rates (91 of 10 000 student‐days) than children (grades 1‐3: 25 of 10 000 student‐days; grades 4‐6: 65 of 10 000 student‐days). Those in grades 1‐3 had no severe injuries. Although the rate of injury was lower in grades 1‐3, there were no statistically significant grade group differences in adjusted analyses. Snowboarders had a higher rate of injury compared with skiers, while higher ability level was protective. Participants in grades 1‐3 had the lowest crude and adjusted injury rates. Students in grades 7‐12 had the highest rate of overall and severe injuries. These results will inform evidence‐based guidelines for school ski/snowboard program participation by school‐aged children.