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Physical activity and motivational predictors of changes in health behavior and health among DM 2 and CAD patients
Author(s) -
Halvari H.,
Healey J.,
Olafsen A. H.,
Byrkjeland R.,
Deci E. L.,
Williams G. C.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/sms.12757
Subject(s) - competence (human resources) , medicine , physical activity , blood sugar , diabetes mellitus , coronary artery disease , vitality , physical therapy , health behavior , self determination theory , health promotion , psychology , type 2 diabetes , public health , endocrinology , environmental health , social psychology , nursing , autonomy , political science , law , philosophy , theology
This study tested a physical activity intervention and the self‐determination theory ( SDT ) process model of health‐behavior change and health among 108 adult patients with both diabetes mellitus type 2 ( DM 2) and coronary artery disease ( CAD ). Patients were randomly assigned to an organized physical activity intervention group (led by instructors) or a non‐physical activity control group. At baseline and after 12 months, we measured the following: needs satisfaction, autonomous and controlled motivation for physical activity, perceived competence for physical activity and blood sugar testing, physical activity and blood sugar testing, body weight, glucose control (HbA1c), and self‐perceptions of general health and vitality. The intervention produced, as hypothesized, significant changes in all study variables in favor of the experimental group (Cohen's d effect sizes: 0.23–0.72), except the non‐significant result for controlled motivation and body weight. The data supported the SDT process model, in which the effect of the intervention significantly predicted indirect changes in behavior and health through motivation variables. Considering the moderate to large effects on increases in motivation, behavior, and health, promoting organized physical activity programs that are perceived as need‐supportive may have important health implications for patients with DM 2 and CAD .