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Associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and adiposity with arterial stiffness in children
Author(s) -
Veijalainen A.,
Tompuri T.,
Haapala E. A.,
Viitasalo A.,
Lintu N.,
Väistö J.,
Laitinen T.,
Lindi V.,
Lakka T. A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/sms.12523
Subject(s) - arterial stiffness , cardiorespiratory fitness , medicine , cardiology , pulse wave velocity , lean body mass , physical therapy , blood pressure , body weight
Associations of cardiorespiratory fitness ( CRF ), physical activity ( PA ), sedentary behavior, and body fat percentage ( BF %) with arterial stiffness and dilation capacity were investigated in 160 prepubertal children (83 girls) 6–8 years of age. We assessed CRF (watts/lean mass) by maximal cycle ergometer exercise test, total PA , structured exercise, unstructured PA , commuting to and from school, recess PA and total and screen‐based sedentary behavior by questionnaire, BF % using dual‐energy X ‐ray absorptiometry, and arterial stiffness and dilation capacity using pulse contour analysis. Data were adjusted for sex and age. Poorer CRF (standardized regression coefficient β = −0.297, P < 0.001), lower unstructured PA (β = −0.162, P = 0.042), and higher BF % (β = 0.176, P = 0.044) were related to higher arterial stiffness. When CRF , unstructured PA , and BF % were in the same model, only CRF was associated with arterial stiffness (β = −0.246, P = 0.006). Poorer CRF was also related to lower arterial dilation capacity (β = 0.316, P < 0.001). Children with low CRF (< median) and high BF % (≥ median; P = 0.002), low CRF and low unstructured PA (< median; P = 0.006) or children with low unstructured PA and high BF % ( P = 0.005) had higher arterial stiffness than children in the opposite halves of these variables. Poor CRF was independently associated with increased arterial stiffness and impaired arterial dilation capacity among children.