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Prospective association of adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness with cardiovascular risk factors in healthy children
Author(s) -
Klakk H.,
Grøntved A.,
Møller N. C.,
Heidemann M.,
Andersen L. B.,
Wedderkopp N.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/sms.12163
Subject(s) - cardiorespiratory fitness , medicine , waist , body mass index , risk factor , prospective cohort study , longitudinal study , confidence interval , population , blood pressure , demography , environmental health , pathology , sociology
This study aimed to examine the prospective association of three different measures of adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness ( CRF ) with 2‐year change in cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors in children. Two‐year longitudinal data in schoolchildren aged 7–11 years ( n = 365–729) was used. Total body fat ( TBF ) from dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry, body mass index ( BMI ), waist circumference ( WC ), CRF , blood samples, and blood pressure were obtained in 2008 and 2010 in the C hildhood H ealth, A ctivity, and M otor P erformance S chool S tudy in D enmark (CHAMPS study‐DK). Greater adiposity at baseline was associated with increased CVD risk factor levels at follow‐up. The magnitudes of associations were similar regardless of adiposity measure [ TBF %: β 0.30, 95% confidence interval ( CI ): 0.21–0.39; BMI : β 0.24, 95% CI : 0.14–0.33; WC : β 0.20, 95% CI : 0.10–0.31], and no evidence of nonlinear relationships was observed. We found less strong associations of CRF with increase in CVD risk factor levels after adjusting for adiposity; however, increasing CRF was still favorably associated with decrease in CVD risk factor levels among boys. Results suggest that any effort to shift the population distribution of adiposity downward would be valuable for early CVD prevention. The association of CRF with CVD risk factors was largely explained by adiposity, particularly among girls.