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Suicide and Personality Traits: A Multicenter Study of Austrian and Italian Psychiatric Patients and Students
Author(s) -
StefaMissagli Stefan,
Unterrainer HumanFriedrich,
Giupponi Giancarlo,
Holasek SandraJohanna,
Kapfhammer HansPeter,
Conca Andreas,
Sarlo Michela,
Erbuto Denise,
Rogante Elena,
MoujaesDroescher Heidrun,
Davok Katrin,
Berardelli Isabella,
Krysinska Karolina,
Andriessen Karl,
Lester David,
Pompili Maurizio
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
suicide and life‐threatening behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.544
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1943-278X
pISSN - 0363-0234
DOI - 10.1111/sltb.12579
Subject(s) - neuroticism , suicidal ideation , big five personality traits , extraversion and introversion , psychiatry , clinical psychology , depression (economics) , personality , poison control , personality assessment inventory , psychology , anxiety , suicide prevention , medicine , medical emergency , social psychology , macroeconomics , economics
Objective The aim of this multicenter study was to investigate the differences in personality traits, particularly Neuroticism, in three clinical samples and three student samples in Austria and Italy and their impact on suicide. Methods In total, 1,043 people (410 psychiatric inpatients and 633 university students) were tested in three regions of Europe: central Italy, northeast Italy, and eastern Austria. Psychiatric diagnoses were evaluated using the Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and the following instruments were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire , Columbia‐Suicide Severity Rating Scale‐B , Symptom‐Checklist‐90‐Standard, and Big Five Inventory . Results The study found that the intensity of Suicidal Ideation was associated with the personality traits of Neuroticism, Anxiety, and Extraversion but also with Depression. Conclusions In conclusion, without the presence of Depression symptoms, neuroticism was a protective factor against Suicidal Ideation, whereas neuroticism when comorbid with Depression symptoms increased suicide risk in psychiatric patients. In all three regions, the clinical samples had higher scores for Neuroticism and for Depression symptoms than the student sample and consequently higher scores for Suicide. Furthermore, we demonstrated an interaction between gender and culture on personality traits, supporting the hypothesis that the distribution of self‐reported personality traits is organized geographically.