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Protective roles for myeloid cells in neuroinflammation
Author(s) -
Owens Trevor,
BenmamarBadel Anouk,
Wlodarczyk Agnieszka,
Marczynska Joanna,
Mørch Marlene T.,
Dubik Magdalena,
Arengoth Dina S.,
Asgari Nasrin,
Webster Gill,
Khorooshi Reza
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.934
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3083
pISSN - 0300-9475
DOI - 10.1111/sji.12963
Subject(s) - myeloid , microglia , innate immune system , immunology , neuroinflammation , biology , inflammation , myelopoiesis , immune system , myeloid cells , experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis , microbiology and biotechnology , haematopoiesis , stem cell
Abstract Myeloid cells represent the major cellular component of innate immune responses. Myeloid cells include monocytes and macrophages, granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils) and dendritic cells (DC). The role of myeloid cells has been broadly described both in physiological and in pathological conditions. All tissues or organs are equipped with resident myeloid cells, such as parenchymal microglia in the brain, which contribute to maintaining homeostasis. Moreover, in case of infection or tissue damage, other myeloid cells such as monocytes or granulocytes (especially neutrophils) can be recruited from the circulation, at first to promote inflammation and later to participate in repair and regeneration. This review aims to address the regulatory roles of myeloid cells in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), with a particular focus on recent work showing induction of suppressive function via stimulation of innate signalling in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).