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Regulation of fatty acid synthesis in immune cells
Author(s) -
Qian Xuchen,
Yang Zhitao,
Mao Enqiang,
Chen Erzhen
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.934
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3083
pISSN - 0300-9475
DOI - 10.1111/sji.12713
Subject(s) - immune system , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , signal transduction , inflammation , extracellular , immunology
Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in the important cellular metabolic alterations that occur during the activation of immune cells to enable them to adapt to the extracellular environment. Here, we review recent studies on how substrate availability and metabolites mediate the signalling pathways that regulate fatty acid synthesis (FAS) in different immune cells and how FAS determines cellular fate and function. The major regulators sterol regulatory element‐binding proteins and liver X receptors, the key enzyme ATP citrate lyase and the PI3K‐Akt‐mTOR signalling axis play important roles in de novo FAS during a variety of biological events, including cellular proliferation and differentiation and the development of organelles and intracellular membrane components in immune cells. In addition, the regulation of FAS substantially contributes to the inflammatory response of immune cells. Post‐transcriptional modifications in FAS are also closely associated with the functional processes of immune cells. Understanding and investigating the intrinsic regulatory mechanism of FAS is of great significance for developing novel therapies for inflammation‐induced diseases.