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To study vitamin D (25 OH  D 3 ) in relation to (i) microbial translocation (ii) systemic inflammation and (iii) blood lipid markers, in Caucasian, well‐controlled  HIV  patients and healthy controls, plasma and serum samples from  n  = 97 male,  HIV  patients on  HAART  with immeasurable viral load (<20 copies/ml) since median 6.5 years and no concurrent inflammatory or infectious disease and  n  = 30 healthy controls were analysed for (i)  LPS ; (ii)  sCD 14, hs CRP ,  IL ‐4,  IL ‐6,  IL ‐10,  IL ‐17,  MCP ‐1 and  IFN ‐ γ ; as well as (iii) blood lipids. Vitamin D levels were similarly distributed and equally low in both  HIV  patients and controls. There was no association between vitamin D levels and markers of microbial translocation, systemic inflammation or dyslipidemia.  LPS  levels were similar in both groups but  HIV  patients expressed higher levels of  sCD 14 and hs CRP , with  HIV  as an independent risk factor.  HIV  patients had higher cholesterol and Apo B levels. Notably, more  HIV  patients smoked and smoking was associated with lower vitamin D levels. In conclusion; these well‐treated Caucasian HIV patients had similar vitamin D levels as healthy controls. However, despite perfect virological control, they exhibited slightly increased inflammatory markers and disturbed blood lipids. However, neither of these parameters were associated with low vitamin D levels but appeared to be linked to the  HIV ‐disease  per se . Thus, the rationale for vitamin D substitution as a way to improve microbial translocation and systemic inflammation is not fully supported in this  HIV  population.

scandinavian journal of immunology

Vitamin D status in Well‐Controlled Caucasian  HIV  Patients in Relation to Inflammatory and Metabolic Markers – A Cross‐Sectional Cohort Study in Sweden