Premium
Exosomes – Structure, Biogenesis and Biological Role in Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer
Author(s) -
Frydrychowicz M.,
KoleckaBednarczyk A.,
Madejczyk M.,
Yasar S.,
Dworacki G.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.934
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3083
pISSN - 0300-9475
DOI - 10.1111/sji.12247
Subject(s) - microvesicles , tumor microenvironment , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , angiogenesis , stromal cell , biogenesis , cancer , cancer research , cancer cell , exosome , immune system , microrna , immunology , biochemistry , genetics , gene
Many different cells produce and release membraneous microvesicles ( MV ) or exosomes into their microenvironment. Exosomes represent a specific subtype of secreted derived vesicles which are defined as homogenous vesicles of 30–100 nm lined by a lipid bilayer, which contain a specific set of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. There are clear evidences that they serve as important biological signals messengers and carriers in physiological as well as in pathological processes. Those derived from tumours (tumour‐derived exosomes, TD ‐exosomes) function as protumourigenic factors that can mediate intercellular communication in the tumour microenvironment and also contribute to cancer progression. The main functions of exosomes in the cancer microenvironment include the following: promotion of primary cancer growth, stimulation of angiogenesis, activation of stromal fibroblasts, sculpting the cancer ECM , generation of a premetastatic niche and suppression of host immune response. Exosomes have recently emerged as potentially promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer and other diseases. This article is a summary of information about the structure and origin of exosomes and also indicates the importance of exosomes and micro RNA s in lung cancer. The role of exosomes in NSCLC is little known, and its explanation requires thorough research.