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Differential Cytokine Expression and Regulatory Cells in Patients with Primary and Secondary S jögren's Syndrome
Author(s) -
FuruzawaCarballeda J.,
SánchezGuerrero J.,
Betanzos J. L.,
Enriquez A. B.,
AvilaCasado C.,
Llorente L.,
HernándezMolina G.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.934
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3083
pISSN - 0300-9475
DOI - 10.1111/sji.12224
Subject(s) - foxp3 , immunology , immunoperoxidase , medicine , cytokine , il 2 receptor , cd20 , pathology , t cell , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , monoclonal antibody , immunohistochemistry , antibody , immune system
S jögren's syndrome ( SS ) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands. The aim of the study was to characterize and compare the presence of diverse cytokines and regulatory T and B cells in lip minor salivary gland ( MSG ) biopsies from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome ( pSS ), secondary SS ( sSS ), and patients with connective tissue disease ( CTD ) without (w/o) SS . We included samples of MSG from 15 p SS , 24 sSS (six scleroderma, nine rheumatoid arthritis and nine lupus patients) and 15 patients with CTD w/o SS . Tissues were examined by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique (goat polyclonal anti‐human IL ‐19, goat polyclonal anti‐human IL ‐22 or mouse monoclonal anti‐human IL ‐24). To determine the subpopulation of CD4 + /IL‐17A + ‐, CD4 + /IL‐4 + ‐, CD4 + /IFN‐ɣ + ‐expressing T cells, CD25 + /Foxp3 + Treg cells and CD20 + /IL‐10 + ‐producing B cell subset, a double‐staining procedure was performed. We estimated the mean percentage of positively staining cells in two fields per sample. CD4 + /IFN‐ɣ + , CD4 + /IL‐4 + and IL‐22 + cell percentages were elevated in both SS varieties; however, the cells were more prevalent in pSS . Patients with pSS had a high number of CD4 + /IL‐17A + and IL‐19 + T cells and a lower percentage of IL‐24 + cells ( P < 0.05). The T reg and IL ‐10‐producing B cells were increased in pSS ( P < 0.05). Concluding, in our patients, a pro‐inflammatory and regulatory balance coexists in SS, being both responses more intense in pSS . The explanation of these differences may be related to disease activity, disease duration and treatment.