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Evidence‐based Review of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Chronic Kidney Disease Patient
Author(s) -
Kalman Richard S.,
Pedrosa Marcos C.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
seminars in dialysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1525-139X
pISSN - 0894-0959
DOI - 10.1111/sdi.12301
Subject(s) - medicine , disease , diverticulosis , lower gastrointestinal bleeding , gastroenterology , kidney disease , gastrointestinal bleeding , hemorrhoids , surgery , population , colonoscopy , cancer , colorectal cancer , environmental health
Patients with end‐stage renal disease are more likely to suffer from gastrointestinal ( GI ) problems, including bleeding from upper and lower sources. Peptic ulcer disease is the most common cause of upper GI bleeding, and although there is some debate in the literature regarding whether the frequency of ulcer disease is higher in patients with kidney disease, it is well established that outcomes are worse in patients with compromised renal function. Angioectasias can be found throughout the GI tract and are another common cause of bleeding; management can be divided into localized endoscopic therapy and systemic hormonal treatment, or surgery for refractory cases. The most frequent causes of lower GI bleeding in this population, in addition to angioectasias, are diverticulosis, hemorrhoids, and ischemic colitis.