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Benefits of non‐invasive ventilation in acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
Author(s) -
Comellini Vittoria,
Pacilli Angela Maria Grazia,
Nava Stefano
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
respirology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.857
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1440-1843
pISSN - 1323-7799
DOI - 10.1111/resp.13469
Subject(s) - medicine , intensive care medicine , positive airway pressure , ventilation (architecture) , hypoventilation , airway , randomized controlled trial , intensive care , noninvasive ventilation , respiratory failure , anesthesia , mechanical ventilation , respiratory system , surgery , mechanical engineering , obstructive sleep apnea , engineering
Non‐invasive ventilation (NIV) with bilevel positive airway pressure is a non‐invasive technique, which refers to the provision of ventilatory support through the patient's upper airway using a mask or similar device. This technique is successful in correcting hypoventilation. It has become widely accepted as the standard treatment for patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF). Since the 1980s, NIV has been used in intensive care units and, after initial anecdotal reports and larger series, a number of randomized trials have been conducted. Data from these trials have shown that NIV is a valuable treatment for HRF. This review aims to explore the principal areas in which NIV can be useful, focusing particularly on patients with acute HRF (AHRF). We will update the evidence base with the goal of supporting clinical practice. We provide a practical description of the main indications for NIV in AHRF and identify the group of patients with hypercapnic failure who will benefit most from the application of NIV.