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Polymicrobial community‐acquired pneumonia: An emerging entity
Author(s) -
Cillóniz Catia,
Civljak Rok,
Nicolini Antonello,
Torres Antoni
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
respirology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.857
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1440-1843
pISSN - 1323-7799
DOI - 10.1111/resp.12663
Subject(s) - medicine , pneumonia , etiology , community acquired pneumonia , intensive care medicine , incidence (geometry) , disease , antibiotics , antibiotic therapy , epidemiology , immunology , pathology , microbiology and biotechnology , physics , optics , biology
Polymicrobial aetiology in community‐acquired pneumonia ( CAP ) is more common than previously recognized. This growing new entity can influence inflammation, host immunity and disease outcomes in CAP patients. However, the true incidence is complicated to determine and probably underestimated due mainly to many cases going undetected, particularly in the outpatient setting, as the diagnostic yield is restricted by the sensitivity of currently available microbiologic tests and the ability to get certain types of clinical specimens. The observed rate of polymicrobial cases may also lead to new antibiotic therapy considerations. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis, microbial interactions in pneumonia, epidemiology, biomarkers and antibiotic therapy for polymicrobial CAP .