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Making ships cleaner: Reducing air pollution from international shipping
Author(s) -
Kopela Sophia
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
review of european, comparative and international environmental law
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.37
H-Index - 18
eISSN - 2050-0394
pISSN - 2050-0386
DOI - 10.1111/reel.12220
Subject(s) - negotiation , international shipping , port (circuit theory) , environmental planning , corporate governance , business , air pollution , environmental resource management , environmental protection , political science , engineering , environmental science , international trade , finance , law , chemistry , electrical engineering , organic chemistry
This article assesses the international legal framework for the reduction of air pollution from international shipping and the measures adopted by the International Maritime Organization ( IMO ). It sheds light on the difficulties and challenges in the IMO negotiations, the ensuing compromises, and the role and interests of the various stakeholders. It further identifies the inadequacies of the regulatory framework and the challenges in its implementation, and explores the prospects for the adoption of further measures to strengthen it. The article also evaluates unilateral measures adopted by port and coastal States, especially with respect to jurisdictional issues in their maritime zones. Finally, it assesses the role of private and hybrid initiatives and standards as part of a multi‐actor governance system for tackling air pollution.