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Sugar metabolism and developmental stages of rubber tree ( Hevea brasiliensis L.) seeds
Author(s) -
de Souza Genaina Aparecida,
dos Santos Dias Denise Cunha Fernandes,
Pimenta Thaline Martins,
Almeida Andrea Lanna,
de Toledo Picoli Edgard Augusto,
de Pádua Alvarenga Antônio,
da Silva José Cleydson Ferreira
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
physiologia plantarum
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.351
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1399-3054
pISSN - 0031-9317
DOI - 10.1111/ppl.12650
Subject(s) - hevea brasiliensis , sucrose , sugar , hevea , sucrose synthase , biology , botany , starch , elongation , sucrose phosphate synthase , carbohydrate metabolism , metabolism , horticulture , biochemistry , natural rubber , chemistry , invertase , materials science , organic chemistry , ultimate tensile strength , metallurgy
Changes in the concentration of sugars and sucrose metabolism enzymes can characterize the developmental stages of a seed. In recalcitrant species such as Hevea brasiliensis L., little is known about these changes. We aimed to evaluate the three main stages of development of rubber tree seeds – histodifferentiation, cell elongation and accumulation of reserves. The activities of acid and neutral invertases (E.C. 3.2.1.26) and sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13), and the concentrations of reducing sugars (RS), total soluble sugars (TSS) and sucrose (Suc) were determined concomitantly with the histochemical and anatomical evaluation of seed structure. Histodifferentiation in rubber tree seeds occurs up to 75 days after anthesis (DAA). The concentration of RS is high and of Suc is low during seed histodifferentiation, which occurs along with a visible increase in the number of cell divisions. After that period, there is an increase in the concentration of Suc (mg g −1 ) and in the number and size of starch granules, and a decrease in the concentration of RS (mg g −1 ). At that point, cell elongation occurs. At 135 DAA, there is an inversion in the concentration of these two sugars and an increase in reserve accumulation. Thus, in seeds of the evaluated clone, the period up to 75 DAA is characterized as the histodifferentiation stage, while from that time up to 120 DAA the cell elongation stage takes place. The final stage of seed maturation and reserve accumulation begins at 135 DAA, and the seed, including the embryo, is completely formed at 175 DAA.