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Association between PM 2.5 and PM 2.5 Constituents and Preterm Delivery in California, 2000–2006
Author(s) -
Basu Rupa,
Pearson Dharshani,
Ebisu Keita,
Malig Brian
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
paediatric and perinatal epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.667
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3016
pISSN - 0269-5022
DOI - 10.1111/ppe.12380
Subject(s) - medicine , interquartile range , confidence interval , gestational age , logistic regression , odds ratio , premature birth , pregnancy , genetics , biology
Abstract Background Particulate matter ( PM ) has been documented to contribute to preterm delivery. However, few studies have investigated the relationships between individual constituents of fine PM ( PM 2.5 ) and preterm delivery, and factors that may modify their associations. Methods In this study, we examined the associations between several prenatal exposure metrics to PM 2.5 and 23 constituents of PM 2.5 and preterm delivery in California from 2000 to 2006. In a retrospective cohort study including 231 637 births, we conducted logistic regression analyses adjusting for maternal, infant, temporal, geographic, and neighbourhood characteristics. Results We observed increased risk for preterm delivery with full‐gestational exposure for several PM 2.5 constituents. Per interquartile range increase, ammonium (21.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 17.1, 25.4), nitrate (18.1%, 95% CI 14.9, 21.4) and bromine (16.7%, 95% CI 13.2, 20.3) had some of the largest increased risks. Alternatively, some PM 2.5 constituents were inversely associated with preterm delivery, including chlorine (−8.2%, 95% CI −10.3, −6.0), sodium (−13.2%, 95% CI −15.2, −11.3), sodium ion (−11.9%, 95% CI −14.1, −9.6) and vanadium (−19.2%, 95% CI −25.3, −12.6). Greater associations between PM 2.5 constituents and preterm delivery were observed for Blacks and Asians, older mothers, and those with some college education compared to their reference groups, as well as for births with gestational ages from 32 to 34 weeks. Conclusions PM 2.5 constituents ammonium, nitrate and bromine, often linked to traffic and biomass combustion, were most associated with increased risk of preterm delivery in California. Certain demographic subgroups may be particularly impacted.