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Adult Pre‐pregnancy Weight Change and Risk of Developing Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy
Author(s) -
Adane Akilew A.,
Mishra Gita D.,
Tooth Leigh R.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
paediatric and perinatal epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.667
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3016
pISSN - 0269-5022
DOI - 10.1111/ppe.12353
Subject(s) - medicine , pregnancy , overweight , body mass index , weight gain , weight change , obstetrics , obesity , cohort , cohort study , incidence (geometry) , weight loss , gynecology , body weight , genetics , physics , optics , biology
Background While the association of pre‐pregnancy body mass index ( BMI ) and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy ( HDP ) is well documented, little is known about the relationship between pre‐pregnancy weight change and HDP . We examined the impact of adult pre‐pregnancy weight change on the development of HDP . Methods We included 2914 women, surveyed about every three years since 1996, from the 1973–78 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Women without hypertension or HDP were followed‐up between 2003 and 2012. Generalised estimating equations were used to assess the effect of baseline BMI (mean age 20 years) and pre‐pregnancy weight change on the incidence of HDP . Results Over 9 years of follow up, 301 incident HDP cases (6.3%) were reported from 4813 pregnancies. Overweight and obese women at the baseline survey were 1.67 (95% CI 1.3, 2.2) and 2.15 (95% CI 1.4, 3.3) times more likely to develop HDP than normal weight women, respectively. Compared with stable weight women, women with small (>1.5–2.5%) or moderate/high (>2.5%) annual weight gain had elevated risk of HDP ( RR 1.67 95% CI 1.3, 2.2; RR 2.31, 95% CI 1.8, 3.0, respectively). Women who reported annual weight loss (>1.5%) between baseline and the average age of 24 years were 46% (95% CI 0.4, 0.8) less likely to develop HDP . Conclusions Pre‐pregnancy weight gain is associated with an increased risk of HDP , whereas early adult weight loss is associated with lower risk of HDP .