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Population Health: Modest Glycaemic Improvements in a Pregnant Cohort with Mild Glucose Intolerance Decreased Adverse Outcomes
Author(s) -
Berggren Erica K.,
Boggess Kim A.,
Jonsson Funk Michele
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
paediatric and perinatal epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.667
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3016
pISSN - 0269-5022
DOI - 10.1111/ppe.12124
Subject(s) - medicine , relative risk , confidence interval , population , obstetrics , preeclampsia , cohort , pregnancy , environmental health , biology , genetics
Background Adverse perinatal outcomes are common with pregnancy‐related mild glucose intolerance. The perinatal impact of improving this population's health, instead of individual health, has not been quantified. Methods We estimated this impact among women with mild glucose intolerance, delivered at The U niversity of N orth Carolina W omen's H ospital from A pril 1996 to M ay 2010. We compared observed with predicted risks of perinatal outcomes after simulating a cohort with a one standard deviation decrease in each glucose value. We estimated absolute and adjusted risks, relative risks, and risk differences with Poisson regression and bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals [ CI ]. Results Among 3217 women, mean ( SD ) 1‐h screening result was 157 (16) mg/d L ; 3‐h diagnostic results were 81 (10), 154 (28), 130 (25), and 104 (26) mg/d L for fasting, 1‐h, 2‐h, and 3‐h, respectively. Compared with observed, predicted risks decreased for preeclampsia (9.1% vs. 6.6%, risk ratio [ RR ] 0.73 [95% CI 0.60, 0.88]), caesarean delivery (30.1% vs. 26.4%, RR 0.88 [95% CI 0.81, 0.96]), preterm birth (13.0% vs. 9.8%, RR 0.75 [95% CI 0.64, 0.87]), birthweight >4000 g (13.4% vs. 10.5%, RR 0.78 [95% CI 0.67, 0.90]), and shoulder dystocia (3.5% vs. 2.2%, RR 0.61 [95% CI 0.46, 0.83]). Conclusions Modestly improved population distribution of glucose tolerance in pregnancies affected by mild glucose intolerance translated to meaningful improvements in perinatal outcomes.