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Smoking during Pregnancy and Risk of A utism S pectrum D isorder in a F innish N ational B irth C ohort
Author(s) -
Tran Phuong Lien,
Lehti Venla,
Lampi Katja M.,
Helenius Hans,
Suominen Auli,
Gissler Mika,
Brown Alan S.,
Sourander Andre
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
paediatric and perinatal epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.667
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3016
pISSN - 0269-5022
DOI - 10.1111/ppe.12043
Subject(s) - odds ratio , medicine , pregnancy , confidence interval , offspring , population , autism , odds , obstetrics , psychiatry , environmental health , genetics , biology , logistic regression
Background Results of previous population‐based studies examining associations between smoking during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorders ( ASD ) are contradictory. Furthermore, there is a lack of population‐based studies examining the relationship between smoking during pregnancy and the main diagnostic subtypes of ASD . Methods We conducted a population‐based nested case–control study based on the F innish P renatal S tudy of A utism ( FIPS ‐ A ) among liveborn infants delivered in F inland between 1987 and 2005. Data on maternal smoking during pregnancy were available from the F innish M edical B irth R egister ( FMBR ) since O ctober 1990. Data on ASD in the offspring were obtained from the F innish H ospital D ischarge R egister ( FHDR ). Results Among the three subtypes of ASD , maternal smoking during the whole pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of pervasive developmental disorder ( PDD ) (odds ratio 1.2, 95% confidence interval 1.0, 1.5). The increase in odds persisted after controlling for maternal age, mother's socio‐economic and psychiatric status, and infant's weight for gestational age. However, smoking exposure limited to the first trimester was not associated with PDD or any of the other ASD subtypes. Conclusions Maternal smoking is related to a modest increase in risk of PDD , while no associations were observed for childhood autism and A sperger's syndrome.