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Screening of chemical attractants for second‐stage juveniles of Meloidogyne species on agar plates
Author(s) -
Oka Yuji
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1111/ppa.13336
Subject(s) - salicylic acid , vanillin , biology , attraction , meloidogyne incognita , agar , terra incognita , ferulic acid , nematode , botany , food science , biochemistry , bacteria , ecology , philosophy , linguistics , genetics
The attractiveness of 60 aromatic compounds, mainly carboxylic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, and phenols, to second‐stage juveniles (J2) of four Meloidogyne species ( M. hapla , M. incognita , M. javanica , and M. marylandi ) was evaluated based on the relative density of J2 attracted to a test compound on an agar plate in an 8.5‐cm Petri dish. Three types of nematode responses were observed in the single‐compound assays: attraction, in which J2 were attracted to test compounds; concentration‐dependent attraction, in which J2 were attracted to the zone located 1–2 cm from test compounds; and no response. None of the test compounds effectively attracted M. incognita or repelled J2 of any species. Thirty‐five compounds attracted J2 of at least one of the other three nematode species. Highly effective attractants were trans ‐cinnamic acid, salicylic acid, 4′‐hydroxy‐3′‐methoxyacetophenone, o ‐vanillin, carvacrol, 3‐methoxybenzyl alcohol, 2‐methoxycinnamaldehyde, trans‐p ‐methoxycinnamaldehyde, 4‐methoxy‐3‐methylbenzaldehyde, 2‐methoxy‐4‐propenylphenol, and thymol. Salicylic acid dissolved in the agar reduced the attraction of M. marylandi J2 to salicylic acid and to o ‐vanillin. Two‐ and three‐compound assays revealed differences in attractiveness to M. marylandi J2 between or among structural isomers of the attractants. o ‐Vanillin and salicylic acid were much more attractive to M. marylandi than vanillin and the two isomers of salicylic acid, respectively. It is not clear whether nematodes utilize the attractants found in the study for locating hosts in nature, but the attractants may have potential for use in nematode control.