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Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Phytophthora infestans in South Korea during 2009–2016 reveals clonal reproduction and absence of EU_13_A2 genotype
Author(s) -
Choi JangGyu,
Hong SuYoung,
Kessel Geert J. T.,
Cooke David E. L.,
Vossen Jack H.,
Cho JiHong,
Im JuSeong,
Park YoungEun,
Cho KwangSoo
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1111/ppa.13178
Subject(s) - phytophthora infestans , metalaxyl , biology , mating type , population , genotype , genetic diversity , fungicide , sexual reproduction , microsatellite , reproduction , botany , genetics , blight , allele , gene , demography , sociology
In order to better understand the Phytophthora infestans population structure in South Korea, 172 isolates were collected between 2009 and 2016 from four major potato cultivation areas. Fungicide (metalaxyl and dimethomorph) response, mating type, and microsatellite (SSR) genetic fingerprints were analysed to characterize these isolates. Ten isolates collected in Gyeongnam Province, which specializes in protected winter cultivation in polytunnels, were A2 mating type. All other isolates were A1 mating type. Overall, 42% of the isolates were resistant to metalaxyl, and 43% were sensitive. All isolates were sensitive to dimethomorph. From the SSR fingerprints, 45 distinct genotypes were identified, which could be clustered into four clonal lineages: KR_1_A1, KR_2_A2, SIB‐1, and US‐11. KR_1_A1 was the predominant P . infestans genotype in South Korea. KR_2_A2 was only found in Gyeongnam Province; all isolates were A2 mating type and resistant to metalaxyl. SIB‐1 was dominant until 2013 but its frequency has gradually decreased in more recent years. US‐11 was first found in 2014, after which its frequency has increased to become codominant with KR_1_A1. The calculated standardized index of association ( I A ) suggests that the South Korean P . infestans population is undergoing clonal reproduction. When compared with populations of P . infestans from the Netherlands, it has less genetic diversity and the dominant Netherlands P . infestans genotype, EU_13_A2 (Blue_13), was not found in South Korea. Such monitoring of the pathogen population contributes to a more efficient integrated pest management‐based control strategy for potato late blight control in South Korea.