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Nivalenol‐producing F usarium cerealis associated with fusarium head blight in winter wheat in M anitoba, C anada
Author(s) -
Amarasinghe C. C.,
Tittlemier S. A.,
Fernando W. G. D.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1111/ppa.12329
Subject(s) - chemotype , fusarium , biology , mycotoxin , trichothecene , cultivar , gibberella zeae , botany , vomitoxin , zearalenone , horticulture , veterinary medicine , medicine , essential oil
Fusarium head blight ( FHB ) in small grain cereals is primarily caused by the members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex. These produce mycotoxins in infected grains, primarily deoxynivalenol ( DON ); acetylated derivatives of DON , 3‐acetyl‐ DON (3‐ ADON ) and 15‐acetyl‐ DON (15‐ ADON ); and nivalenol ( NIV ). This study reports the isolation of Fusarium cerealis in infected winter wheat heads for the first time in Canada. A phylogenetic analysis based on the TRI 101 gene and F. graminearum species‐specific primers revealed two species of Fusarium : F. graminearum sensu stricto (127 isolates) and F. cerealis (five isolates). Chemotype determination based on the TRI 3 gene revealed that 65% of the isolates were 3‐ ADON , 31% were 15‐ ADON and 4% were NIV producers. All the F. cerealis isolates were of NIV chemotype. Fusarium cerealis isolates can often be misidentified as F. graminearum as the morphological characteristics are similar. Although the cultural and macroconidial characteristics of F. graminearum and F. cerealis isolates were similar, the aggressiveness of these isolates on susceptible wheat cultivar Roblin and moderately resistant cultivar Carberry differed significantly. The F. graminearum 3‐ ADON isolates were most aggressive, followed by F. graminearum 15‐ ADON and F. cerealis NIV isolates. The findings from this study confirm the continuous shift of chemotypes from 15‐ ADON to 3‐ ADON in North America. In Canada, the presence of NIV is limited to barley samples and the discovery of NIV ‐producing F. cerealis species in Canadian wheat fields may pose a serious concern to the Canadian wheat industry in the future.