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Pilot‐scale comparison of four duckweed strains from different genera for potential application in nutrient recovery from wastewater and valuable biomass production
Author(s) -
Zhao Y.,
Fang Y.,
Jin Y.,
Huang J.,
Bao S.,
Fu T.,
He Z.,
Wang F.,
Wang M.,
Zhao H.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
plant biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.871
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1438-8677
pISSN - 1435-8603
DOI - 10.1111/plb.12204
Subject(s) - biology , biomass (ecology) , nutrient , phosphorus , starch , botany , aquatic plant , japonica , wastewater , dry weight , zoology , food science , macrophyte , agronomy , ecology , chemistry , environmental engineering , organic chemistry , engineering
The application potential of four duckweed strains from four genera, Wolffia globosa 0222, Lemna japonica 0223, Landoltia punctata 0224 and Spirodela polyrhiza 0225, were compared in four parallel pilot‐scale wastewater treatment systems for more than 1 year. The results indicated that each duckweed strain had unique potential advantages. Unlike L. japonica 0223 and La. punctata 0224, which grow throughout the year, S. polyrhiza 0225 and W. globosa 0222 do not survive cold weather. For year round performance, L. japonica 0223 was best not only in dry biomass production (6.10 g·m −2 ·day −1 ), but also in crude protein (35.50%), total amino acid (26.83%) and phosphorus (1.38%) content, plus recovery rates of total nitrogen ( TN ), total phosphorus ( TP ) and CO 2 (0.31, 0.085 and 7.76 g·m −2 ·day −1 , respectively) and removal rates of TN and TP (0.66 and 0.089 g·m −2 ·day −1 , respectively). This strongly demonstrates that L. japonica 0223 performed best in wastewater treatment and protein biomass production. Under nutrient starvation conditions, La. punctata 0224 had the highest starch content (45.84%), dry biomass production (4.81 g·m −2 ·day −1 ) and starch accumulation (2.9 g·m −2 ·day −1 ), making it best for starch biomass production. W. globosa 0222 and S. polyrhiza 0225 showed increased flavonoid biomass production, with higher total flavonoid content (5.85% and 4.22%, respectively) and high dominant flavonoids (>60%). This study provides useful information for selecting the appropriate local duckweed strains for further application in wastewater treatment and valuable biomass production.