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Therapeutic effects of exon skipping and losartan on skeletal muscle of mdx mice
Author(s) -
Lee EunJoo,
Kim AhYoung,
Lee EunMi,
Lee MyeongMi,
Min ChangWoo,
Kang KyungKu,
Park JinKyu,
Hwang Meeyul,
Kwon SoonHak,
Tremblay Jacques P.,
Jeong KyuShik
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
pathology international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.73
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1440-1827
pISSN - 1320-5463
DOI - 10.1111/pin.12190
Subject(s) - exon skipping , mdx mouse , losartan , exon , medicine , skeletal muscle , duchenne muscular dystrophy , endocrinology , pathology , dystrophin , biology , angiotensin ii , genetics , receptor , gene , alternative splicing
Various attempts have been made to find treatments for D uchenne muscular dystrophy ( DMD ) patients. Exon skipping is one of the promising technologies for DMD treatment by restoring dystropin protein, which is one of the muscle components. It is well known that losartan, an angiotensin II type1 receptor blocker, promotes muscle regeneration and differentiation by lowering the level of transforming growth factor–beta1 signaling. In this study, we illustrated the combined effects of exon skipping and losartan on skeletal muscle of mdx mice. We supplied mdx mice with losartan for 2 weeks before exon skipping treatment. The losartan with the exon skipping group showed less expression of myf5 than the losartan treated group. Also the losartan with exon skipping group recovered normal muscle architecture, in contrast to the losartan group which still showed many central nuclei. However, the exon skipping efficiency and the restoration of dystrophin protein were lower in the losartan with exon skipping group compared to the exon skipping group. We reveal that losartan promotes muscle regeneration and shortens the time taken to restore normal muscle structure when combined with exon skipping. However, combined treatment of exon skipping and losartan decreases the restoration of dystrophin protein meaning decrease of exon skipping efficiency.