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Immunological role of keratinocytes in leishmaniasis
Author(s) -
Jafarzadeh Abdollah,
Nair Arathi,
Jafarzadeh Sara,
Nemati Maryam,
Sharifi Iraj,
Saha Bhaskar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
parasite immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1365-3024
pISSN - 0141-9838
DOI - 10.1111/pim.12870
Subject(s) - keratinocyte , immunology , cutaneous leishmaniasis , biology , leishmania , immune system , leishmaniasis , leishmania major , effector , antigen , microbiology and biotechnology , cell culture , parasite hosting , genetics , world wide web , computer science
Following inoculation of Leishmania , a protozoan parasite, into the skin of a mammal, the epidermal keratinocytes recognize the parasite and influence the local immune response that can give rise to different outcomes of leishmaniasis. The early keratinocyte‐derived cytokines and keratinocytes‐T cells interactions shape the anti‐leishmanial immune responses that contribute to the resistance or susceptibility to leishmaniasis. The keratinocyte‐derived cytokines can directly potentiate the leishmanicidal activity of monocytes and macrophages. As keratinocytes express MHC‐II and enhance the expression of costimulatory molecules, these cells act as antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Depending on the epidermal microenvironment, the keratinocytes induce various types of effector CD4 + T cells. Keratinocyte apoptosis and necrosis have been also implicated in ulceration in CL. Further, keratinocytes contribute to the healing of Leishmania ‐related cutaneous wounds. However, keratinocyte‐derived IL‐10 may play a key role in the development of post‐kala‐azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). In this review, a comprehensive discussion regarding the multiple roles played by keratinocytes during leishmaniasis was provided, while highlighting novel insights concerning the immunological and pathological roles of these cells.