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An IL ‐10 dominant polarization of monocytes is a feature of Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis
Author(s) -
Roy S.,
Mukhopadhyay D.,
Mukherjee S.,
Moulik S.,
Chatterji S.,
Brahme N.,
Pramanik N.,
Goswami R. P.,
Saha B.,
Chatterjee M.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
parasite immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1365-3024
pISSN - 0141-9838
DOI - 10.1111/pim.12535
Subject(s) - immunology , leishmania donovani , biology , visceral leishmaniasis , macrophage , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , monocyte , interleukin 10 , cytokine , leishmaniasis , biochemistry , in vitro
Summary Leishmania donovani , the causative parasite of Visceral Leishmaniasis ( VL ), deviously manipulates host monocytes/macrophages to ensure its survival. Although monocytes/macrophages from patients with VL have demonstrated an impaired oxidative burst and antigen presentation, an unanswered yet pertinent question remains as to whether they are deactivated or alternatively activated. The significantly raised plasma levels of IL ‐4/ IL ‐13 and IL ‐10 in VL patients suggested a microenvironment conducive for alternative activation of monocytes/macrophages. Accordingly, the classical markers for IL ‐4‐driven monocytes/macrophages [M( IL ‐4)] were studied namely intramonocytic CD 206 + , circulating CCL 22 and CCL 17, and were unchanged. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of Kruppel‐like factor 4 ( KLF 4 ), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors ( PPAR )‐γ and arginase‐I ( ARG ‐I ) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was unaltered. However, markers for IL ‐10‐driven monocytes/macrophages [M( IL ‐10)], namely soluble CD 163, intramonocytic IL ‐10, and circulating CXCL 13 were significantly increased. Monocytes/macrophages of patients with VL demonstrated an increased expression of markers for M( IL ‐10), along with the absence of markers for M( IL ‐4). Taken together, in human VL , manipulation of these IL ‐10 polarized monocytes‐macrophages may pave the way for improved therapeutic outcomes.