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Demodex canis targets TLR s to evade host immunity and induce canine demodicosis
Author(s) -
Kumari P.,
Nigam R.,
Choudhury S.,
Singh S. K.,
Yadav B.,
Kumar D.,
Garg S. K.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
parasite immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1365-3024
pISSN - 0141-9838
DOI - 10.1111/pim.12509
Subject(s) - demodicosis , biology , immunology , demodex , innate immune system , immune system , mite , paleontology , botany
Summary Widespread incidence of Demodex mites throughout the mammalian class and occasional serious and fatal outcomes in dogs warrant an insight into the host‐parasite interface especially. Therefore, this study was aimed to unravel the interplay between innate immune response and canine demodicosis. The dogs diagnosed to have natural clinical demodicosis were allocated into two groups; dogs with localized demodicosis ( LD ) and with generalized demodicosis ( GD ). The expression of toll‐like receptors ( TLR s) 2, 4 and 6 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of these dogs was quantified by real‐time PCR . Significantly increased TLR 2 gene expression, while significantly diminished TLR 4 and TLR 6 gene expressions were observed in demodicosed dogs ( LD and GD ) as compared with the healthy ones. Even the expression of TLR 2 gene was found to differ significantly between the dogs with LD and GD . Therefore, it can be inferred that clinical demodicosis in dogs is coupled with an up‐regulation of TLR 2 and down‐regulation of TLR 4 and TLR 6 gene expressions. Overexpression of TLR 2 gene might be responsible for Demodex‐ induced clinical manifestations, while TLR 4 and TLR 6 gene down‐regulations could be the paramount strategy of Demodex mites to elude the host‐immune interface.