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Comparison of innate and Th1‐type host immune responses in Oesophagostomum dentatum and Trichuris suis infections in pigs
Author(s) -
Andreasen A.,
Skovgaard K.,
Klaver E. J.,
Die I.,
Mejer H.,
Thamsborg S. M.,
Kringel H.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
parasite immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1365-3024
pISSN - 0141-9838
DOI - 10.1111/pim.12296
Subject(s) - biology , immune system , immunology , innate immune system , trichuris , t cell , immunity , microbiology and biotechnology , helminths
Summary This study investigated the details of the innate and Th1/Treg‐type‐associated host immune responses in Trichuris suis and Oesophagostomum dentatum mono‐ and co‐infected pigs and in vitro in stimulated porcine dendritic cell cultures. Forty‐eight pigs were allocated into a 2‐factorial design with two groups trickle‐inoculated with 10 T. suis eggs/kg/day (Group T) or 20 O. dentatum L3/kg/day (O). Another group ( OT ) was infected with both parasites. Group C remained uninfected. Expression of innate and Th1/Treg‐cell‐associated genes in gut mucosa and associated lymph nodes was determined by qPCR at necropsy day 35 and 71. Gene expression showed suppressed/inhibited Th1 and Treg‐type immune reactions, in accordance with previous findings of a predominant Th2‐type immune response to both nematodes. The in vitro part examined the production of TNF ‐α in porcine dendritic cells ( DC ) exposed to T. suis and/or O. dentatum excretory/secretory (E/S) products. Further, binding capacity and structure of E/S products were characterized. Glycan and lectin‐binding capacity were generally lower in O. dentatum E/S products compared to T. suis which may explain the earlier found weaker Th2 response to the former. Surprisingly, O. dentatum E/S products induced a significant ( P < 0·0001) increase in TNF ‐α DC production, potentially indicating a new mode of helminth–host immune response interaction.