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L eishmania donovani influenced cytokines and T oll‐like receptors expression among S udanese visceral leishmaniasis patients
Author(s) -
Babiker D. T.,
Bakhiet S. M.,
Mukhtar M. M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
parasite immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1365-3024
pISSN - 0141-9838
DOI - 10.1111/pim.12202
Subject(s) - leishmania donovani , tlr2 , tlr9 , immunology , visceral leishmaniasis , cytokine , tlr4 , biology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , receptor , interferon gamma , leishmaniasis , immune system , gene expression , biochemistry , dna methylation , gene
Summary Leishmaniasis remains a serious health problem. The outcome of L eishmania infection depends on the early innate response. In this study, whole blood samples of 40 patients with visceral leishmaniasis ( VL ), 10 leishmanin skin test‐negative ( LST −ve) controls and 10 leishmanin skin test‐positive ( LST +ve) controls were stimulated by live L . donovani promastigotes. Also, THP 1 human cell line was infected with L . donovani . The production of interleukin 10 ( IL ‐10), tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF ) and interferon gamma ( IFNG ) cytokines was measured, and the expression of Toll‐like receptors ( TLR 2, TLR 4 and TLR 9) was done in the blood samples and also in the THP 1 cell line. IL ‐10 was found to be higher in LST +ve controls compared with VL patients. TNF was moderately produced with no variation between patients, controls and THP 1 cells. IFNG was higher in LST +ve controls also in THP 1 cells. TLR 4 and TLR 9 were found to be highly expressed in patients with VL . L . donovani increases the expression of TLR 4 and TLR 9 in patients with VL and TLR 2 in THP 1 cells, suggesting a TLR s relation in induction of a mixed cytokine response. TLR 9 was markedly recognized by L . donovani DNA .