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Compartmentalized gene expression of toll‐like receptors 2, 4 and 9 in the brain and peripheral lymphoid organs during canine visceral leishmaniasis
Author(s) -
Melo G. D.,
Silva J. E. S.,
Grano F. G.,
Homem C. G.,
Machado G. F.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
parasite immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1365-3024
pISSN - 0141-9838
DOI - 10.1111/pim.12148
Subject(s) - choroid plexus , biology , immune system , immunology , spleen , leishmania infantum , downregulation and upregulation , lymphatic system , innate immune system , tlr9 , visceral leishmaniasis , lymph node , acquired immune system , toll like receptor , compartmentalization (fire protection) , pathology , gene expression , leishmaniasis , central nervous system , medicine , gene , neuroscience , biochemistry , dna methylation , enzyme
Summary Visceral leishmaniasis is an important parasitic disease that affects humans and animals. The response against the protozoan involves the interaction of both innate and adaptive branches of the immune system, and an important immune sensor is represented by the toll‐like receptor ( TLR ) family. Here, we investigated the pattern of TLR ‐2, TLR ‐4 and TLR ‐9 gene expression in different compartments (brain, choroid plexus, spleen and lymph node) of dogs naturally infected with L eishmania infantum . Gene expression of the TLR s varied according to the compartment evaluated. In the brain, there was only an upregulation of TLR ‐2, whereas in the choroid plexus, TLR ‐2 and TLR ‐9 were both upregulated. Further, the peripheral lymphoid organs (spleen and lymph nodes) showed increased TLR ‐2 and TLR ‐4 expression. This study provides the first insight about TLR expression in the central nervous system of infected dogs, and gives additional evidence of the compartmentalization of the immune response during visceral leishmaniasis.