Premium
Enhanced expression of Toll‐like receptors 2 and 4, but not 9, in spleen tissue from patients with visceral leishmaniasis
Author(s) -
Kumar R.,
Singh O. P.,
Gautam S.,
Nylen S.,
Sundar S.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
parasite immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1365-3024
pISSN - 0141-9838
DOI - 10.1111/pim.12145
Subject(s) - visceral leishmaniasis , spleen , immunology , biology , tlr9 , proinflammatory cytokine , immune system , toll like receptor , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , receptor , leishmaniasis , innate immune system , inflammation , gene expression , gene , biochemistry , dna methylation , in vitro
Summary Toll‐like receptor ( TLR ) signalling is involved in first‐line defence against L eishmania parasites by triggering NF ‐κB activation and downstream production of proinflammatory cytokines. Experimental models of visceral leishmaniasis ( VL ) support a protective role for TLR s 2, 4 and 9 in host immune responses to L eishmania infection. There are limited data available on expression of these TLR s in human VL , particularly in sites of infection, such as the spleen. This study aimed to determine whether the expression of m RNA encoding the expression of TLR s 2, 4 and 9 was altered in VL and compare expression patterns in splenic biopsies and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.