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Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Skin and Skin Cancers
Author(s) -
Su Shengqin,
Ndiaye Mary,
Singh Chandra K.,
Ahmad Nihal
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/php.13254
Subject(s) - sirt3 , keratinocyte , skin cancer , sirtuin , hacat , mitochondrion , sirt6 , biology , basal cell carcinoma , melanoma , oxidative stress , cancer research , microbiology and biotechnology , cancer , nad+ kinase , basal cell , pathology , cell culture , medicine , genetics , biochemistry , enzyme
Mammalian sirtuins (SIRTs 1‐7) are a family of NAD+‐dependent deacetylases with distinct subcellular localization and biological functions that regulate various important cellular processes. Among these, SIRTs ‐3, ‐4 and ‐5 are located in the mitochondria and have been implicated in caloric restriction, oxidative stress, aging and various human diseases. Emerging evidence has found dysregulation of mitochondrial sirtuins in multiple dermatological conditions, including responses to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), suggesting their importance in maintaining skin health. In this review, we discuss the roles and implications of mitochondrial sirtuins in cutaneous cellular processes, and their emerging potential as a target for the management of skin diseases, including skin cancer. Among mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT3 is the most studied and linked to multiple skin conditions and diseases (keratinocyte differentiation, wound healing, chronological aging, UVR and ozone response, systemic sclerosis, melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)). SIRT4 has been connected to keratinocyte differentiation, chronological aging, UVR response, alopecia, BCC and SCC. Further, SIRT5 has been associated with keratinocyte differentiation, melanoma, BCC and SCC. Overall, while there is compelling evidence for the involvement of mitochondrial sirtuins in skin, additional detailed studies are needed to understand their exact roles in skin and skin cancers.