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Disinfection of Cariogenic Pathogens in Planktonic Lifestyle, Biofilm and Carious Dentine with Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy
Author(s) -
Wu Minjing,
Xu Li,
Cai Zhiyu,
Huang Shan,
Li Yijun,
Lei Lishan,
Huang Xiaojing
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/php.13161
Subject(s) - streptococcus mutans , biofilm , lactobacillus acidophilus , chlorhexidine , antimicrobial , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , photodynamic therapy , dentinal tubule , dentistry , dentin , bacteria , smear layer , gentamicin , antibiotics , medicine , biology , probiotic , genetics , organic chemistry
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy ( aPDT ) has been recommended for clinical application. Its antibacterial effect on bacteria remained in dentinal tubule was seldom investigated. Here, we evaluated the antibacterial effects of aPDT on Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ) and Lactobacillus acidophilus ( L. acidophilus ) in planktonic lifestyle, biofilm and carious dentine. Mono‐species biofilms or dentinal caries formed on human dentine slices or slabs. Bacterial suspension, biofilms and dentine caries were treated with 0.1 mg mL −1 toluidine Blue O followed by irradiation with a light emission diode ( λ − 635 ± 10 nm; 500 mW ; 31.5 J cm −2 ; 60 s) and 0.12% chlorhexidine ( CHX ), respectively. Residual bacteria were determined by microbial culture analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One‐way analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) was performed to detect the significance of the variables. Both treatments significantly reduced the number of L. acidophilus in planktonic state, biofilm and carious dentine ( P < 0.05). For S. mutans , CHX was only bactericidal against suspension ( P < 0.05), while aPDT was effective on both suspension and biofilm ( P < 0.05) while not for dentin caries ( P > 0.05). Under the experimental conditions assessed, aPDT could be an alternative disinfection method for superficial layer of caries cavity. Its disinfection on bacteria in dentinal tubule of deep layer was deficient.