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Disinfect Porphyromonas gingivalis Biofilm on Titanium Surface with Combined Application of Chlorhexidine and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy
Author(s) -
Cai Zhiyu,
Li Yijun,
Wang Yanhuang,
Chen Shuai,
Jiang Shan,
Ge Huan,
Lei Lishan,
Huang Xiaojing
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/php.13060
Subject(s) - porphyromonas gingivalis , biofilm , chlorhexidine , antimicrobial , photodynamic therapy , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , titanium , peri implantitis , nuclear chemistry , dentistry , bacteria , periodontitis , medicine , biology , surgery , organic chemistry , implant , genetics
Abstract Various antimicrobial modalities have been proposed to treat peri‐implantitis but resulted in limited outcomes. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the disinfection efficacy of combined application of chlorhexidine digluconate ( CHX ) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy ( aPDT ) of titanium surfaces previously contaminated with Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm. P. gingivalis biofilms were grown on 32 polished and 32 sandblasted large‐grit acid‐etched ( SLA ) titanium surfaces. Titanium disks were allocated into four groups as follows: (1) immersed in phosphate‐buffered saline ( PBS ), (2) immersed in 0.2% CHX , (3) application of aPDT and (4) immersed in 0.2% CHX and subsequent aPDT . Residual bacteria were determined by microbial culture analysis and by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) and confocal laser scanning microscopy ( CLSM ) imaging. Combination protocol ( CHX + aPDT ) was the most effective in eradicating P. gingivalis ( P < 0.05) on both polished and SLA surfaces. There was no significant difference in the number of remaining P. gingivalis between polished titanium disks and the SLA ones in four groups ( P > 0.05). Under the limitation of this study, combined technique of preceding application of CHX and subsequent aPDT was shown to be an efficient method in reducing P. gingivalis numbers in both polished and SLA titanium surfaces.