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A Bioscreening Technique for Ultraviolet Irradiation Protective Natural Substances
Author(s) -
Tienaho Jenni,
Poikulainen Emmi,
Sarjala Tytti,
MuiluMäkelä Riina,
Santala Ville,
Karp Matti
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
photochemistry and photobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.818
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1751-1097
pISSN - 0031-8655
DOI - 10.1111/php.12954
Subject(s) - genotoxicity , absorbance , chemistry , ultraviolet , irradiation , sun protection , electromagnetic shielding , chromatography , environmental chemistry , materials science , toxicity , organic chemistry , dermatology , optoelectronics , physics , medicine , nuclear physics , composite material
Ultraviolet radiation ( UV ‐R) causes genotoxic and aging effects on skin, and sunscreens are used to alleviate the damage. However, sunscreens contain synthetic shielding agents that can cause harmful effects in the environment. Nature‐derived substances may have potential as replacement materials for the harmful sunscreen chemicals. However, screening of a broad range of samples is tedious, and often requires a separate genotoxicity assessment. We describe a simple microplate technique for the screening of UV protective substances using a recombinant Escherichia coli biosensor. Both absorbance‐based and bioactivity‐based shields can be detected with simultaneous information about the sample genotoxicity. With this technique, a controversial sunscreen compound, oxybenzone offers physical or absorbance‐based shield but appears genotoxic at higher concentrations (3.3 mg/ mL ). We also demonstrate that pine needle extract (Pi Ne ) shields the biosensor from UV ‐R in a dose‐dependent manner without showing genotoxicity. The physical shield of 5 mg/ mL Pi Ne was similar to that of one of the most common UV ‐shielding compound TiO 2 concentration 0.80 mg/ mL . The bioactivity‐based shield of Pi Ne also reaches the extent of the physical shield with the highest concentration (3.3 mg/ mL ). We conclude that our technique is suitable in detecting the UV ‐shielding potential of natural substances, and gives simultaneous information on genotoxicity.