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Serostatus following polio‐containing vaccination before and after liver transplantation
Author(s) -
Funaki Takanori,
Fukuda Akinari,
Sakamoto Seisuke,
Kasahara Mureo,
Saitoh Akihiko,
Miyairi Isao
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
pediatric transplantation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.457
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1399-3046
pISSN - 1397-3142
DOI - 10.1111/petr.13766
Subject(s) - medicine , poliomyelitis , serostatus , poliovirus , polio vaccination , vaccination , transplantation , pediatrics , liver transplantation , immunology , virus , viral load
Background The strategy to eradicate polio is based on preventing infection by immunizing all children until the world is polio‐free. However, data regarding efficacy of polio‐containing vaccination in immunocompromised patients such as LT recipients are limited. Methods We conducted an observational study at the largest pediatric transplant center in Japan from January 2011 to January 2015. LT recipients were enrolled after transplantation, and those who had completed the Japanese polio vaccination program were eligible for the study. Patients' demographics were collected from their medical records. Antibody titers against poliovirus serotypes 1‐3 were measured using the neutralization test at the routine follow‐up visits after enrollment. Factors associated with seropositivity against each type of poliovirus were evaluated. Results Sixty‐four patients who had received the complete polio vaccination series were enrolled in the study. Of these, 37 patients had received all series of polio‐containing vaccination before LT. Median age of the patients was 75 months. Their underlying diseases included the following: 40 (63%) with cholestatic liver diseases and 11 (17%) with metabolic disorders. After a median interval of 43 months after LT, seropositivity rates against poliovirus 1, 2, and 3 were 93.8% (60/64), 92.2% (59/64), and 54.7% (35/64), respectively. Among 32 patients who had received only oral polio vaccine (OPV), seropositivity against poliovirus 3 was particularly low (25.0%). No factors associated with seropositivity against each type of poliovirus were identified. Conclusions In the LT recipients, seropositivity for poliovirus 3 was low, suggesting a need for additional inactivated polio‐containing vaccination after LT, especially for patients who had received only OPV.