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Genetics of type 1 diabetes
Author(s) -
Redondo Maria J,
Steck Andrea K,
Pugliese Alberto
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
pediatric diabetes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.678
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1399-5448
pISSN - 1399-543X
DOI - 10.1111/pedi.12597
Subject(s) - medicine , human leukocyte antigen , disease , type 1 diabetes , diabetes mellitus , ethnic group , type 2 diabetes , incidence (geometry) , genetics , bioinformatics , immunology , endocrinology , biology , antigen , sociology , anthropology , physics , optics
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from immune‐mediated loss of pancreatic beta cells leading to insulin deficiency. It is the most common form of diabetes in children, and its incidence is on the rise. This article reviews the current knowledge on the genetics of T1D. In particular, we discuss the influence of HLA and non‐HLA genes on T1D risk and disease progression through the preclinical stages of the disease, and the development of genetic scores that can be applied to disease prediction. Racial/ethnic differences, challenges and future directions in the genetics of T1D are also discussed.