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Childhood body mass index in relation to subsequent risk of type 1 diabetes—A Danish cohort study
Author(s) -
Antvorskov Julie C,
Aunsholt Lise,
Buschard Karsten,
Gamborg Michael,
Kristensen Kurt,
Johannesen Jesper,
Sørensen Thorkild I A,
Svensson Jannet
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
pediatric diabetes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.678
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1399-5448
pISSN - 1399-543X
DOI - 10.1111/pedi.12568
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , confidence interval , body mass index , type 1 diabetes , risk factor , danish , cohort study , incidence (geometry) , demography , obesity , logistic regression , diabetes mellitus , cohort , pediatrics , type 2 diabetes , endocrinology , linguistics , philosophy , physics , sociology , optics
The incidence of type 1 diabetes ( T1D ) is increasing, and obesity may be a contributing factor by increasing the risk and accelerating the onset. We investigated the relation between childhood body mass index z‐scores ( BMIz ) and the later risk of T1D , including association with age at onset of T1D . The study included 238 cases and 10 147 controls selected from the Copenhagen School Health Record Register ( CSHRR ). Cases of T1D were identified in the Danish Registry of Childhood and Adolescent Diabetes and 2 regional studies and linked to CSHRR . Using conditional logistic regression models, the association of childhood prediagnostic BMIz at 7 and 13 years of age and changes between these ages with subsequent risk (odds ratio, OR ) of T1D was estimated. A greater BMIz at 7 and 13 years of age was associated with increased risk of T1D with OR of 1.23 (confidence interval, CI 1.09‐1.37; P = .0001) and 1.20 ( CI 1.04‐1.40; P = .016), respectively. The risk was increased by upward changes in z‐scores from birth to 7 years ( OR =1.21, P = .003) and from 7 to 13 years of age ( OR =1.95, P = .023), but in the latter age interval also by a decline in BMIz ( OR = 1.91, P = .034). There were no associations between BMIz at 7 and 13 years of age and the age of onset ( P = .34 and P = .42, respectively). Increased BMIz is associated with a moderate increase in risk of T1D , but with no relation to age at onset within the analyzed age range. Increased BMIz over time is unlikely to explain the rising incidence of T1D .