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Effects of vitamin D repletion on glycemic control and inflammatory cytokines in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Author(s) -
Shih Erin M.,
Mittelman Steven,
Pitukcheewat Pisit,
Azen Colleen G.,
Monzavi Roshanak
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
pediatric diabetes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.678
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1399-5448
pISSN - 1399-543X
DOI - 10.1111/pedi.12238
Subject(s) - medicine , glycemic , vitamin d and neurology , glycated hemoglobin , vitamin d deficiency , type 2 diabetes , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus , population , type 1 diabetes , vitamin , c reactive protein , insulin resistance , insulin , inflammation , environmental health
Objective Little is known about the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. On the basis of adult studies showing that vitamin D improves insulin sensitivity and decreases inflammatory cytokines linked to microvascular complications, we hypothesized that treating vitamin D deficiency in adolescents with type 1 diabetes would improve glycemia and reduce inflammatory markers. Research design and methods This was a randomized, prospective, crossover study of 25 adolescents with type 1 diabetes for at least a year (aged: 13–21 yr; 62% female; 62% Hispanic) and vitamin D deficiency (25‐ OH vitamin D ≤30 ng/ mL ). Subjects received vitamin D3 (20 000 IU /week) for 6 months, either immediately or after 6 months of observation. Results At baseline, 63% of subjects screened were vitamin D deficient and randomized. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) was significantly higher in the vitamin D deficient group compared with the sufficient group (medians: 0.36 vs. 0.18) ( p = 0.026), whereas neither C‐reactive protein ( CRP ) nor tumor necrosis factor‐α ( TNF ‐α) differed. Vitamin D treatment increased serum levels of 25‐ OH vitamin D from 22 ± 5.3 to 34.3 ± 12.1 ng/mL (p < 0.01). However, treatment did not affect glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ), insulin dosage, CRP , interleukin‐6 ( IL ‐6), or TNF ‐α. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in the adolescent type 1 diabetes population, and could be associated with changes in inflammatory markers. However, vitamin D repletion over 6 months did not affect glycemia or markers of inflammation in our study, highlighting the need for additional research to validate these findings.