Premium
Population‐based incidence of diabetes in Australian youth aged 10–18 yr: increase in type 1 diabetes but not type 2 diabetes
Author(s) -
Tran Fiona,
Stone Monique,
Huang ChiYu,
Lloyd Margaret,
Woodhead Helen J,
Elliott Karan D,
Crock Patricia A,
Howard Neville J,
Craig Maria E
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
pediatric diabetes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.678
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1399-5448
pISSN - 1399-543X
DOI - 10.1111/pedi.12131
Subject(s) - medicine , incidence (geometry) , type 2 diabetes , population , demography , diabetes mellitus , overweight , type 1 diabetes , confidence interval , rate ratio , pacific islanders , pediatrics , obesity , endocrinology , environmental health , physics , sociology , optics
Background Global incidence of childhood type 2 diabetes has increased, with a greater rise amongst certain ethnic groups. Objectives To examine the change in the incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Australian youth, aged 10–18 yr, in New South Wales, Australia. Methods Prospective population‐based incidence study (2001–2008). Primary case ascertainment was from the Australasian Paediatric Endocrine Group Diabetes Register, secondary independent ascertainment from the National Diabetes Register. Results There were 202 incident cases of type 2 diabetes (96 boys, 48%). The mean age at diagnosis (± SD ) was 14.6 ± 2.5 yr; 93% were overweight (International Obesity Taskforce Grade ≥1). Mean HbA1c was 8.8 ± 2.8%. Ethnicity was Caucasian 31%, Indigenous Australian 20%, Southeast Asian 11%, North African/Middle Eastern 9%, and NewZealander/Melanesian/Polynesian 8%. The mean annual incidence of type 2 diabetes was 3.0 per 100 000 per year (95% confidence interval ( CI ): 2.6–3.4) and did not change over time. The mean annual incidence of type 1 diabetes was 22.0 per 100 000 per year (95% CI : 20.8–23.1), and increased by 3.8% per year [incidence rate ratio IRR : 1.04, 95% CI : 1.02–1.06, p = 0.001]. Incidence was higher in Indigenous vs. non‐Indigenous youth, IRR : 6.9 (95% CI : 4.7–10.2, p < 0.001). Conclusion In 10–18 yr old youth, in Australia, the incidence of type 2 diabetes has remained steady during the last decade; however, the incidence of type 1 diabetes continues to rise. Most common diabetes in Australian youth is type 1 diabetes.