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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants: Outcome up to preschool age, in a single center of Austria
Author(s) -
Reiterer Friedrich,
Scheuchenegger Anna,
Resch Bernhard,
MaurerFellbaum Ute,
Avian Alexander,
Urlesberger Berndt
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
pediatrics international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.49
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1442-200X
pISSN - 1328-8067
DOI - 10.1111/ped.13815
Subject(s) - medicine , bronchopulmonary dysplasia , pediatrics , gestational age , cohort , neonatal intensive care unit , retinopathy of prematurity , incidence (geometry) , birth weight , pregnancy , genetics , physics , optics , biology
Background Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ( BPD ) is the most frequent chronic lung disease in infancy and is associated with neonatal comorbidity and impairment in pulmonary and neurodevelopmental ( ND ) long‐term outcome. Methods This was a retrospective, single‐center, cohort study to compare a cohort of very preterm infants (gestational age [ GA ], 24 +0 –28 +6 weeks) with BPD ( n = 44), with a cohort of GA ‐matched preterm infants without BPD ( n = 44) with regard to neonatal morbidity, incidence of lower respiratory tract infection ( LRTI ), ND outcome and growth to 2 years' corrected age ( CA ) and preschool age. Results Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (incidence, 11.3%) was associated with a higher rate of neonatal pneumonia (26% vs 7%, P = 0.001), longer total duration of mechanical ventilation (mean days, 21 vs 13, P < 0.001), and a higher rate of pulmonary hypertension (20.5% vs 0%, P = 0.002) and of severe retinopathy of prematurity (13.6% vs 0%, P = 0.026). Incidence of LRTI was significantly higher in the BPD infants (50% vs 26%, P = 0.025). ND outcome did not differ between the two groups. Growth at neonatal intensive care unit discharge was similar. In the BPD cohort, rate of weight < 10th percentile was higher at 2 years' CA (52% vs 30%, P = 0.041) and rate of head circumference < 10th percentile was higher at preschool age (59% vs 27%, P = 0.028). Conclusion Neonatal respiratory morbidity was significantly higher in the BPD cohort, but long‐term ND outcome did not differ. Infants with BPD had poorer growth.