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Prevalence of islet autoantibodies in Thai juvenile‐onset type 1 diabetes
Author(s) -
Trisorus Chayanis,
Aroonparkmongkol Suphab,
Kongmanas Hataichanok Bansiddhi,
Sahakitrungruang Taninee
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
pediatrics international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.49
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1442-200X
pISSN - 1328-8067
DOI - 10.1111/ped.13687
Subject(s) - medicine , type 1 diabetes , autoantibody , islet , population , diabetes mellitus , insulinoma , gastroenterology , endocrinology , pancreas , insulin , antibody , immunology , environmental health
Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1 DM ) is caused by autoimmune destruction of islet β‐cells of the pancreas. There are overlapping phenotypes in a significant proportion of youth with type 1 and 2 diabetes. Thus, positive pancreatic autoantibodies are helpful to diagnose T1 DM . Zinc transporter 8 antibody (ZnT8A) is a recently identified autoantibody in T1 DM and no data on ZnT8A in the Thai population have been reported. The aim of this study was therefore to estimate the prevalence of ZnT8A in Thai juvenile‐onset T1 DM and to evaluate its diagnostic value relative to glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulinoma‐2 antigen antibodies ( GADA and IA 2A). Methods In this cross‐sectional study, patients with T1 DM diagnosed before age 15 years, and disease duration <10 years were enrolled. Serum ZnT8A, GADA , and IA 2A were measured using commercial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results The subjects consisted of 81 youths (30 boys, 51 girls) aged 12.3 ± 4.5 years with T1 DM . The median diabetes duration was 3 years (range, 0–10 years). The prevalence of ZnT8A, GADA , and IA 2A was 54.3%, 75.3%, and 45.7%, respectively. ZnT8A were detected in 16% of T1 DM patients negative for both GADA and IA 2A. A combination of ZnT8A, GADA and IA 2A could detect 80.2% of patients with T1 DM . Combined use of ZnT8A and GADA identified 100% of antibody‐positive patients. Conclusion The prevalence of ZnT8A in Thai juvenile‐onset T1 DM appears to be higher than in previous studies from Asia. ZnT8A could replace IA 2A as an autoimmunity marker in Thai pediatric T1 DM patients, with better diagnostic performance.