Premium
Pneumococcal vaccination reduces the risk of community‐acquired pneumonia in children
Author(s) -
Hasegawa Junko,
Mori Mitsuru,
Ohnishi Hirofumi,
Tsugawa Takeshi,
Hori Tsukasa,
Yoto Yuko,
Tsutsumi Hiroyuki
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
pediatrics international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.49
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1442-200X
pISSN - 1328-8067
DOI - 10.1111/ped.13157
Subject(s) - medicine , vaccination , pneumonia , pneumococcal vaccination , community acquired pneumonia , pediatrics , intensive care medicine , streptococcus pneumoniae , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , antibiotics , biology
Background The seven‐valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ( PCV 7) was introduced to Japan in 2009, after which there was a rapid decline in invasive pneumococcal disease. There are few data, however, on the effectiveness of PCV 7 against community‐acquired pneumonia ( CAP ). We conducted an ambispective cohort study among children aged 0–6 years old who attended day‐care centers. Methods A total of 624 children at 10 day‐care centers in Sapporo, Japan participated in the study. The parents reported whether their child had received PCV 7 one or more times, as well as the exact dates of vaccination from records in maternal and child health handbooks marked by pediatricians. Each CAP event was reported by parents according to doctor diagnosis. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio ( HR ) and 95% CI of CAP incidence reduced by PCV 7 inoculation. Results During the observational period, 94 subjects contracted CAP . After adjusting for potentially confounding variables, inoculation with PCV 7 was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CAP ( HR , 0.22; 95% CI : 0.13–0.34). On stratified analysis by age, PCV 7 was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CAP in both children aged <3 years ( HR , 0.31; 95% CI : 0.14–0.71), and those ≥3 years ( HR , 0.20; 95% CI : 0.09–0.43). Conclusion PCV 7 is highly effective in reducing the risk of CAP in children attending day‐care centers.