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Diabetes, physical activity participation and exercise capacity in patients with schizophrenia
Author(s) -
Vancampfort Davy,
De Hert Marc,
Sweers Kim,
De Herdt Amber,
Detraux Johan,
Probst Michel
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.609
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1440-1819
pISSN - 1323-1316
DOI - 10.1111/pcn.12077
Subject(s) - diabetes mellitus , medicine , body mass index , schizophrenia (object oriented programming) , antipsychotic , univariate analysis , physical therapy , endocrinology , multivariate analysis , psychiatry
Aim The aim of this study was to determine if in schizophrenia patients the presence of diabetes is associated with lower physical activity participation and lower exercise capacity compared to patients with pre‐diabetes and to patients without (pre‐) diabetes. Methods Schizophrenia patients without (pre‐)diabetes ( n = 86) were compared with pre‐diabetic ( n = 10) and diabetic patients ( n = 10). Patients were assessed on physical activity participation using the Baecke physical activity questionnaire and on exercise capacity using a 6‐min walk test ( 6MWT ). Results The three groups were similar in age, sex, mean antipsychotic medication dose, negative and depressive symptoms and smoking behavior. Distance achieved on the 6MWT , however, was approximately 15% shorter ( P < 0.05) in patients withdiabetes than in patients without (pre‐)diabetes (500.3 ± 76.9 m vs 590.7 ± 101.8 m). Patients with diabetes were also significantly less physically active ( P < 0.05). No differences between diabetic and pre‐diabetic patients were found. Pre‐diabetic patients had a higher body mass index ( BMI ) than non‐diabetic patients (30.0 ± 7.3 vs 24.3 ± 4.3, P < 0.05). An interaction effect with BMI for differences in Baecke ( F = 29.9, P < 0.001) and 6MWT ( F = 13.0, P < 0.001) scores was seen between diabetic and non‐diabetic patients on univariate ANCOVA . Conclusion The additive burden of diabetes might place patients with schizophrenia at an even greater risk for functional limitations in daily life.